Top seo Interview Question and Answer

What is SEO?

Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of changing the position of a alexa rank & website or a web page in a search engine's search results.
Two Types of SEO

1. On Page Optimization
2. Off Page Optimization

SEO Techniques

Two SEO Techniques are 

1. White Hat SEO
2. Black Hat SEO

What is On Page Optimization?

On-page optimization is one of the types of SEO that refers to factor that gives outcome to a website or web page ranking on Search Engine Results Page . On-Page Optimization means controlling a webpage by you or by your page coding. 

Some of the examples are HTML Code, Meta Tags like Meta Title, Description, Content Quality, Keyword Density, Outbound Links, Image Alt tag etc.

What is Off Page Optimization?

Off Page Optimization is also one of the types of SEO that are not controlled by the page coding.

Examples of Off-page optimization Link building, directory submission Blog posting, Image Sharing, Document Sharing, Video Sharing, Info graphics submission, css submission, Increasing Page Rank and Page Authority, Article submission, yellow pages, Getting high quality links from relevant sites etc.

What is Google?

Google is a web search engine that lets you find other sites on the web based on keyword searches.

What is Page Rank or PR?

Page Rank is a rank that has been provided by Google for each and every Webpage. This Rank ranges from 0 to 10. This Page Rank is calculated by an Algorithm used by Google Web Search Engine. PR of a web page is based on the number of back links that received from other high PR webpage.

What is a Backlink?

Backlink means incoming links to a website or webpage. Inbound links are always better than outbound links. Those links are also known as incoming links, inlinks, inward links etc. Getting backlinks from high PR and relevant site is always good. Inlinks from .org, .edu sites would increase your website or webpage ranking on SERP. Do-follow links are better than No-follow links.

What are out bound Links?

An outbound-link (OBL) or outgoing link is a link from your website or webpage to another website or webpage.

What is a keyword?

Keyword is a word that is used for searching through Search Engines in order to get results related to your searched query.

What is Keyword Density?

Keyword density is the percentage density of a keyword or phrase available on a webpage compared to the total number of words on the page. It is one of the important ranking factors for search engines to display a webpage on the SERP. Providing junk keywords on a page would decrease the ranking of a webpage.

What is Anchor Text?

Anchor text is a clickable hyperlink that is also known as link text, link label and link title. The keyword contained in the anchor text would increase the ranking of a webpage that receives the incoming link.

What are organic results?

The page views come directly through SERP and not through any Off Page Optimization is known as organic results.

What is Googlebot?

Googlebot is the search bot software used by Google to index a webpage. Crawling, Caching and indexing of a webpage happen through this Googlebot by collecting details from that webpage.

What are Meta Tags?

There are several Meta tags used in HTML but the top four tags that are used for SEO are Meta Title, Meta Description, Meta Keywords and Robot tags.

What is Meta Title?

Title is the most important factors for a good SEO of a webpage. These tags should be located within head section. These tags should tell some useful information about that page. A good title tag should contain 60 characters. These titles would appear on the SERP for your website along with the Meta description of that page. Google won't penalize your page if it contains title with more than 60 characters and it skips the remaining characters. If a web page doesn't contain title tag means Google would select the H1 tag as title or it will provide the title by its own.

Always write title tag for the page and not for SEO, if you stuff keywords in you title then Google won't rank your webpage.

What is Meta Description?

A description tag should describe a webpage and it should contain keywords but don't stuff all the keywords. Meaningless description would affect your webpage. A description tag should contain 150 – 160 characters. If you provide meaningless or empty description, Google would take the description from the content available in that page.

What are Meta Keywords?

In early days Meta keywords are the least important tag for Search engine like Google. But it is an easy way to tell our important keywords to search engine. Meta keywords should contain less than 250 characters.

Now Google won't consider Meta keywords as one of the ranking factor.

What is White Hat Seo?

White Hat SEO is one of the SEO techniques that a Search engine always likes. Usage of SEO techniques, tricks and tactics by following search engine rules and regulations, algorithm and policies are known as White Hat SEO.

What is Black Hat Seo?

Black Hat SEO or Negative SEO is a common term for doing SEO Spamming Techniques. Usage of SEO by not following policies and regulations of search engine is called as black hat seo. Some of the black hat seo techniques are

1. Providing Low Quality content or duplicate content on the page
2. Getting backlinks from spammed or adult sites.
3. Giving keyword stuffed content on the page with background color
4. Getting too much backlinks from a single page with different anchor text that targets a single page of your website.
5. Cloaking
6. Google Bowling etc

Top Ten PHP Frameworks

1. CodeIgniter

Built for PHP programmers, CodeIgniter is one of the powerful PHP frameworks that helps create fully functional web applications. It features excellent user guide document for easy understanding the use of this agile framework. Programmers simply love it due to its ability to develop web applications easy and fast. It help you to get rid from the worry of client’s deadlines.

2. Laravel

It provides common tasks such as routing, authentication, caching, sessions and make development easier for the programmers. It is loaded with aplenty of wonderful features that set it apart from the rest of PHP based open source platforms. It offers many advantages over other PHP base framework.

3. Symfony

It is one of the most efficient PHP frameworks that speed up the development of web applications by helping coder to overcome repetitive coding process. It can be installed easily on any configuration. The requirement of this framework includes windows or UNIX with installed PHP5. It incorporates set of reusable and decoupled components that helps to build the best PHP applications. It compatibility with almost all database make is one of the leading PHP framework to build web applications.

4. Phalcon

It is a high performance PHP framework offer lower resource consumption. For optimize performance, it is implemented as an extension written in C/C++. It is based on MVC pattern and known as a high performance web framework.

5. Yii

It is a component based, objective oriented, high performance PHP framework based on MVC pattern that is best for web 2.0 application development. It comes with a number of rich features such as authentication, caching, testing, Active record etc., and can be used by programmers effortlessly. It helps to reduce development time significantly. It is fast, professional and secure.

6. CakePHP

It is an open source framework for PHP website development written in PHP. It is known as a reliable and tested facility that deliver many benefits to the developers. The desing patterns it uses includes MVC, ActiveRecord, Front Controller and Associate Data mapping. It keeps application secure and safe with its excellent built-in tools. It makes building web application faster and simpler.

7. Zend

It is an object oriented open source web application framework helps developers develop fast, secure and scalable web applications. It is licensed under the New BSD license and implemented in PHP5. It supports for many vendors and database systems such as Microsoft SQL server, Oracle, MariaDB and more. It creates reusable codes that can be used handily for further development. It is the finest PHP frameworks to build custom web based applications.

8. Aura

It provides well tested, high quality, decoupled libraries that are used in any codebase. The Aura project is perfect for them who love decoupled libraries, clean code and independent packages. It helps programmer to take adavantage of available features in PHP 5.4+.

9. Flight

It is extensible, simple yet fast PHP framework enables developers to build web applications quickly and easily.

10. Kohana

It helps to build web application quickly with its rich set of components including database access, translation tools, validation, encryption, code profiling. It is HMVC PHP5 framework built using strict PHP objects and classes. User can add new library and extend existing components. It has active community and IRC channels.

Top 10 Pictures That Shocked The World

1. Tragedy of Omayra Sanchez (Frank Fourier)

Frank Fournier captured the tragic image of Omayra Sanchez trapped in mud and collapsed buildings. The eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia 1985 triggered a massive mudslide. It devastated towns and killed 25,000 people.

After 3 days of struggling, Omayra died due to hypothermia and gangrene. Her tragic death accentuated the failure of officials to respond quickly and save the victims of Colombia’s worst ever natural disaster. Frank Fournier took this photo shortly before Omayra died. Her agonizing death was followed live on TV by hundreds of millions of people around the world and started a major controversy. May her soul rest in peace…

2. Operation Lion Heart (Deanne Fitzmaurice)

Pulitzer Prize award winningphotojournalist Deanne Fitzmaurice won the highly respected award in 2005 for the photographic essay “Operation Lion Heart.”

“Operation Lion Heart” is the story of a 9-year-old Iraqi boy who was severely injured by an explosion during one of the most violent conflicts of modern history – the Iraq War. The boy was brought to a hospital in Oakland, CA where he had to undergo dozens of life-and-death surgeries. His courage and unwillingness to die gave him the nickname: Saleh Khalaf, “Lion Heart”.

Deanne Fitzmaurice’s shocking photographs ran in the San Francisco Chronicle in a five-part series written by Meredith May.

3. Bhopal Gas Tragedy 1984 (Pablo Bartholomew

Pablo Bartholomew is an acclaimed Indian photojournalist who captured the Bhopal Gas Tragedy into his lens. Twenty-six years have passed since India’s worst industrial catastrophe injured 558,125 people and killed as many as 15,000. Because safety standards and maintenance procedures had been ignored at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, a leak of methyl isocyanate gas and other chemicals triggered a massive environmental and human disaster. Photographer Pablo Bartholomew rushed to document the catastrophe. He came across a man who was burying a child. This scene was photographed by both Pablo Bartholomew and Raghu Rai, another renowned Indian photojournalist. “This expression was so moving and so powerful to tell the whole story of the tragedy”, said Raghu Rai.

4. After the Tsunami (Arko Datta)

One of the most representative and striking photos of the aftermath of the Indian Ocean tsunami was taken by Reuters photographer Arko Datta in Tamil Nadu. He won the World Press Photo competition of 2004. Kathy Ryan, jury member and picture editor of The New York Times Magazine, characterized Datta’s image as a “graphic, historical and starkly emotional picture.”

“After the Tsunami” illustrates an Indian woman lying on the sand with her arms outstretched, mourning a dead family member. Her relative was killed by one of the deadliest natural disasters that we have ever seen: the Indian Ocean tsunami.

5. World Trade Center 9/11 (Steve Ludlum)

The power of Steve Ludlum’s photos are astounding, and the written description only tends to dilute the impact. The consequences of the second aircraft crashing into New York’s WTC were devastating: fireballs erupted and smoke billowed from the skyscrapers anticipating the towers’ collapse and monstrous dust clouds.

6. The Power of One (Oded Balilty)

In 2006, Israeli authorities ordered the evacuation of illegal outposts, such as Amona. Oded Balilty, an Israeli photographer for the Associated Press, was present when the evacuation degenerated into violent and unprecedented clashes between settlers and police officers. The picture shows a brave woman rebelling against authorities.

Like many pictures on this list, “The Power of One” has been another subject of major controversy. Ynet Nili is the 16-year-old Jewish settler from the above picture. According to Ynet, “a picture like this one is a mark of disgrace for the state of Israel and is nothing to be proud of. The picture looks like it represents a work of art, but that isn’t what went on there. What happened in Amona was totally different.” Nili claims the police beat her up very harshly. “You see me in the photograph, one against many, but that is only an illusion – behind the many stands one man – (Prime Minister Ehud) Olmert, but behind me stand the Lord and the people of Israel.”

7. After the Storm (Patrick Farrell)

Miami Herald photographer Patrick Farrell captured the harrowing images of the victims of Haiti in 2008. Farrell documented the Haitian tragedy with impressive black-and-white stills. The subject of “After the Storm” is a boy who is trying to save a stroller after the tropical storm Hanna struck Haiti.

8. Thailand Massacre (Neil Ulevich)

Neal Ulevich won the 1977 Pulitzer Prize for a “series of photographs of disorder and brutality in the streets ofBangkok, Thailand”

The Thammasat University Massacre took place on October 6, 1976. It was a very violent attack on students who were demonstrating against Field Marshall Thanom Kittikachorn.

F. M. T. Kittikachorn was a dictator who was planning to come back to Thailand. The return of the militarydictator from exile provoked very violent protests. Protestors and students were beaten, mutilated, shot, hung and burnt to death.

9. War Underfoot (Carolyn Cole)

Los Angeles Times photographer Carolyn Cole took this terrifying photo during her assignment in Liberia. It shows the devastating effects of the Liberian Civil War.

Bullet casings cover entirely a street in Monrovia. The Liberian capital was the worst affected region, because it was the scene of heavy fighting between government soldiers and rebel forces.

10. Kosovo Refugees (Carol Guzy)

Carol Guzy, the first woman to receive a Pulitzer Prize for spot news photography, received her most recent Pulitzer in 2000 for her touching photographs of Kosovo refugees.

The above picture portrays Agim Shala, a two-year-old boy, who is passed through a fence made with barbed wire to his family. Thousands of Kosovo refugees were reunited and camped in Kukes, Albania.

Top 22 Off Page SEO Tools

1). Community Creation in Social Networking Sites

The most popular social networking sites like Orkut, Myspace, Facebook, Linked In, Ecademy, etc., and create a profile of your own. By doing this you can extend your network online.

2). Blog Creation & Blogging

Blog is the most powerful ways to promote your site business/company etc. promote your blog with blog directory..
3). Forum Postings

Create online forum discussion, and start a discussion or share topics with your friends.
4). Search Engine Submission

Submit your website to most popular search engines like Google, Yahoo, MSN, Altavista, Alexa, Lycos, Excite, etc .. Its Free..!
5). Directory Submission

Submit your websites to the top most directories like DMOZ, Yahoo Directory, ZoomInfo, One Mission, Pegasus, etc..! Its the powerfull way of site promotion..!
6). Social Bookmarking

Social Bookmarking is yet another powerful way of promoting your website. Creat a bookmark in different Bookmarking site. Like Digg, Delicious, StumbleUpon, Propeller, etc.
7). Link Exchange

Exchange links with service-related websites. that can help increase your link popularity, Its the major part of search engine ranking.
8). Link Baiting

You have copied/published another website's content in your blog/website. Don't forget to place their website link as a reference. his is another way to increase your link popularity.

9). Cross-Linking

This increases your internal link popularity ..!
10). Photo Sharing

Share your web site photos, product, Etc.

The major photo sharing sites like Flickr, Picasa, Photo Bucket, Picli, etc.11). Video Promotions

Like with photo sharing, you can publish/share your product videos, expert opinions, and reviews of your product and make them public in YouTube, Metacafe, Dailymotion, etc.
12). Business Reviews

Write reviews about others businesses & ask your friends /client.
13). Local Listings & Yellow Pages

14). Article Submission
15). Press Release Promotion
16). Classifieds Submission
17). Social Shopping Network

If you own an e-commerce website, this is a good strategy for advertising and easily branding your products for free. Submit your products to Google Product Search, Yahoo Online Shopping, MSN Online Shopping, and other major social shopping network sites.
18). Answers
19). Document Sharing
20) CSS, W3C & RSS Directories Submission
21). Widget / Gadget Development
22. PPC Ad Campaign

When none of the above strategies work for you, go for a PPC ad campaign with your targeted keywords. Remember that you have to pay to drive more traffic towards your website through PPC...!